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It is well known that in the current floor pen with deep litter system, day old broiler chickens could benefit from non-starch polysaccharides components in the litter to establish the dynamic microbiota. However, when the intestinal microbiota becomes complex and diversified over time and environmental conditions, long term exposure to faeces and ammonia pollution environments has a higher risk of infection with pathogenic bacteria and parasites. 

For decades, chicken enteric disease including necrotic enteritis (NE) and coccidiosis have been controlled by using antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) and coccidiostats. However, due to the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria and coccidiosis, which is a threat to animal and human health, the use of AGP and coccidiostats has been restricted or banned in the poultry industry. Thus, alternatives production strategies including vaccinations, organic acids, prebiotics, probiotics, essential oils, postbiotics or yeast peptides to control NE and coccidiosis have been explored.

The Glucose Oxidase (GOD) is exogenously produced by specific fungi fermentation to oxidize β-D-Glucose into gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide, consuming large amounts of oxygen at the same time in the chicken gut. Therefore, it can protect against oxidative stress and directly kill some pathogenic bacteria or Eimeria parasites. Gluconic acid is a kind of organic acid, which acts as an acidifier in the intestine to produce the short chain fatty acids such as butyric acid.  GOD also plays an important role in colour development, flavour, texture, and increasing the shelf life of food products. Due to its characteristics of producing natural acid, deoxygenation and sterilization, GOD has been defined in AAFCO list as 70.3 and widely used in animal production.

Recently, the University of New England (UNE) conducted a NE challenging trial to investigate the GOD potentials to ameliorate the impact of NE on chicken performance and intestinal health.  The standard, positive controls (PC) were formulated based on wheat-sorghum-soybean meal as the commercial diets. Negative control (NC) chickens were challenged with Eimeria parasites at day 9 and clostridium perfringens at day 14. Another 4 treatments consist of PC or NC diets supplemented with antibiotics, GOD 100 g/MT, 200 g/MT and 300 g/MT, respectively.

The effect of GOD on chicken performance before challenging was shown in Figure 1. It is clearly shown that adding GOD significantly improved chicken body weight gain by 9% and FCR was improved by 10 points. From the growth point of view, AGP supplementation did not show any impact on chicken body weight gain and FCR.

However, during the challenging period (Figure 2), AGP significantly improved the chicken body weight gain and FCR compared with the positive control. Interestingly, during the recovery period (Figure 3) or chickens had the longer-term exposure to faeces and ammonia pollution, chickens in positive control and supplemented with the lowest GOD showed worst performance, but chickens in the negative control showed the best performance, possibly due to that Eimeria challenged birds boomed their immune system for the possible coccidiosis infection. It might also imply that supplementation of GOD could replace both coccidiostat AGP.

However, the lower level of GOD might have the negative effect of Eimeria vaccination.

Figure 1. The effect of GOD on chicken performance before challenging.

 

Figure 2. The effect of GOD on chicken performance during challenging.

Figure 3. Efeect of GOD on chicken body weight gain after challenging period (d 28-35)

A study compiled by our Redox Animal Nutritionists.

Rumen microorganisms can utilize non-protein nitrogen (NPN) such as ammonia to synthesis rumen microbial proteins for cattle and sheep. Urea is a cheap source of NPN but the hydrolysis rate of urea in the rumen is speedy and exceeds the ammonia utilisation rate of rumen microorganism. Surplus ammonia is harmful to the animal and is also associated with increased methane production.  Coated urea is designed to provide a controlled release of urea in the rumen, allowing for a more efficient utilisation of nitrogen by rumen microbes.

In Figure 1, it is clearly shown that compared with Menogen plus (the coated urea), normal urea is almost completely degraded within 20 minutes. On the other hand, the degradation rate of soybean meal or canola meal is too slow. Within 8 hours, the degradation rate of soybean meal and canola meal is about 50% and 30%, respectively, considered as the good source of rumen undegraded protein.

However, less ammonia concentration may not provide sufficient nitrogen source for rumen microorganisms to effectively synthesise rumen microbial protein. Therefore, addition of the coated urea could provide stable nitrogen supply for rumen microbes. It is reported that providing 90 grams coated urea per day per cow could replace 450 grams soybean meal and increase milk production by 0.85 kg per day per cow.

Figure 1. The degradation rate of different nitrogen sources in Rumen

In summary, this controlled release urea can lead to several benefits in terms of methane reduction and overall animal nutrition:

  1. Reduced ammonia levels:

The coated urea undergoes gradual hydrolysis in the rumen, releasing ammonia at a controlled rate. This controlled ammonia release ensures a stable nitrogen supply for rumen microbes, reducing excess levels. High ammonia levels in the rumen are associated with increased methane production.

  1. Improved microbial protein synthesis:

The coated urea supports the growth of rumen microbes by providing a steady and controlled supply of ammonia. These microbes are responsible for breaking down fibrous materials and producing microbial protein. Efficient microbial protein synthesis can lead to improved feed digestion and reduce d methane emissions.

  1. Optimised nitrogen utilisation:

The coated urea allows for better synchronisation between available nitrogen and microbial needs. This synchronisation can lead to improved utilisation of dietary protein and reduced excretion of nitrogen in the form of urea. Lower nitrogen excretion can contribute to reduced ammonia levels and subsequently, reduced methane production.

  1. Balanced rumen environment:

The coated urea helps in maintaining a stable rumen PH and stable pH conditions are conductive to the growth of specific microbes that produce less methane during feed digestion.

  1. Increased fibre digestibility:

Improved microbial efficiency and balanced rumen pH can enhance the digestion of fibrous materials. Enhanced fibre digestion results in fewer substrates available for methane-producing microbes, leading to reduced methane emission.

A study compiled by our Redox Animal Nutritionists.

Layer chickens’ dietary fibre comprises a significant part of plant feedstuffs and is chemically defined as the non-starch polysaccharides (NSP). The NSP include various fibre types such as lignin, β-glucans, arabinoxylans, uranic acid, galactose, and mannose. 

Soluble NSP such as arabinoxylans in wheat or mannans in soybean meal will increase the chicken gut viscosity, resulting in detrimental effect on chicken performance and egg production. Therefore, adding xylanase and β-mannnase blend to layer chicken wheat-soy based diets could remove these anti-national factors and reduce the energy cost of immune responses.

Recently, White et al (2021) reported that adding β-mannnanase to the corn-soy based diets for laying hens significantly increased egg production by 6% (88.55% vs 94.94%). In laying chickens feed formulation, adding β-mannanase could save about 100 Kcal/kg apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and 1%-unit crude protein level.

In Germany, VTR conducted a layer chicken trial to investigate the effect of the exogenous xylanase on egg production and apparent N-corrected metabolizable energy (AMEn).  On the base of a standard corn-wheat-soybean meal diets, 100, 150, and 200 grams/Mt xylanase were added to include a total of 4 treatments.   The effect of xylanase on egg production and egg quality was listed in Table 1. It is clearly shown that adding 200 g/MT xylanase increased egg production by 1.8% and significantly reduced dirty and broken eggs. It cam also increase about 150 kcal AMEn.

Table 1. The effect of Xylanase on egg production and egg quality (week 25 to week 32)

On the other hand, the insoluble NSP such as lignocellulos have a positive effect on animal health and productivity. In particular, for free rage layer chickens, feather pecking, and cannibalism are a serious problem and the increased insoluble NSP or fibre has been widely shown to reduce feather pecking and cannibalistic behaviours. This effect is generally attributed to increased time spent eating, thus reducing redirected behaviours. JELUVET®lignucellulose contains 67.7% crude fibre, mainly comprising of cellulose and hemicellulos (62%). Therefore, it is a good source of insoluble NSP to reduce feather pecking for free range layer chickens.

A study compiled by our Redox Animal Nutritionists.

Nitrate of soda, scientifically known as sodium nitrate (NaNO3), is a versatile compound that has played a crucial role in various industries throughout history. From agriculture to manufacturing, this compound has proven itself indispensable. Let’s delve into the fascinating story of Nitrate of soda, exploring its uses, historical significance, and impact on different sectors.

Historical Roots

The history of Nitrate of soda is intertwined with the development of the mining industry. Deposits of sodium nitrate were discovered in Chile’s vast and arid landscapes in the early 19th century. The substance was initially known as “Chile saltpeter,” reflecting its origin and economic importance.

As demand grew, Nitrate of soda became a sought-after commodity, sparking a thriving industry in Chile and beyond.

Workers loading nitrate onto ships, Pisagua, Chile, 19th Century. In 1810 large nitrate (salitre or saltpeter) deposits were discovered in the Corregimiento de Tarapaca, and Pisagua became an important port due to its major role in the export of this product.

Agricultural Marvel

One of the primary and enduring uses of Nitrate of soda is in agriculture. 

Its high solubility in water makes it an excellent source of nitrogen, a vital nutrient for plant growth. Farmers worldwide have utilised Nitrate of soda as a nitrogen-rich fertiliser to enhance soil fertility and promote robust plant development. 

Its effectiveness in providing immediate nourishment to crops has made it a staple in modern agricultural practices.

Industrial and Manufacturing Uses for Nitrate of soda

Nitrate of soda’s applications extend beyond agriculture and explosives. It serves as a reducing agent, decolourising agent, and even a component in producing certain chemicals in various industrial processes.

Its solubility and chemical properties are valuable in diverse manufacturing sectors, including glass, dyes, and metal treatment.

Explosive Applications

During the early 20th century, Nitrate of soda found another critical application – in producing explosives. Ammonium nitrate, a derivative of Nitrate of soda, became crucial in manufacturing explosives and munitions. 

This application played a significant role during wartime, highlighting the compound’s versatility in peaceful and wartime industries.

Other industry uses for Nitrate of soda

Some other sectors where sodium nitrate is commonly used include:

By inhibiting bacterial proliferation, sodium nitrate helps extend the shelf life of these cured meat products, contributing to their longevity and maintaining their quality over time.

As you can see, Nitrate of soda stands as a testament to the dynamic relationship between human innovation and the resources our planet provides. From its humble origins in Chile to its widespread applications across industries, Nitrate of soda continues to shape our world. 

How can we help?

With extensive, well-established networks in the agricultural, mining, explosives, and other Nitrate-dependent industries, contact us today to delve into competitive pricing for Nitrate of Soda. 

Ensure you maintain a leading position in your market and uncover how we can be a crucial partner in shaping your procurement strategy.

 

In the often-overlooked realm of soil lies a bustling ecosystem teeming with microorganisms, where a mere teaspoon of soil houses more life than the entire human population on Earth. This intricate world is vital in maintaining soil fertility, influencing nutrient cycling, enhancing plant growth, and even breaking down toxic substances.

Microbial Abundance and Importance:

Delving into the microscopic universe, we find staggering numbers: a kilogram of fertile soil can host 500 billion bacteria, 10 billion actinomycetes, and 1 billion fungi. These microorganisms play a crucial role in soil fertility by cycling nutrients, improving structure, and supporting plant health. They also act as nature’s recyclers, breaking down toxic substances through enzymatic activities.

Factors Influencing Microbial Presence:

Various factors, such as temperature, humidity, oxygen levels, soil pH, nutrient availability, and management practices, influence the presence and activity of microorganisms in the soil. Temperature, in particular, plays a pivotal role in microbial development; at very low temperatures, the enzymatic activity of these organisms is reduced, and protein denaturation may occur at high temperatures. 

Humidity and oxygen concentrations also have an important role; in well-aerated soil, there will be greater energy production, a more significant population, and activity of microorganisms. For example, thiobacillus, vital in solubilisation, works more quickly under warm and moist conditions. Low temperatures slow the action of Thiobacillus bacteria.

Microbial Fertilisers and Their Role:

Microbial fertilisers contribute to soil and plant health, comprising bacteria, algae, fungi, and biological compounds. These microbes colonise the rhizosphere upon application, multiplying rapidly and producing trillions of beneficial organisms within a few days. These microbes can act as biological predators, producing antibiotics, enzymes against pathogens, and phytohormone production that benefit plant growth.

Microbial Benefits:

The advantages of soil microorganisms are multifaceted. They help control the spread of diseases through competition, antibiosis, parasitism, and resistance induction. These tiny life forms also play vital roles in nutrient mineralisation, phosphate solubilisation, and controlling soil salinity.

Microorganisms improve a plant’s ability to withstand environmental stresses like water scarcity by employing different mechanisms, such as producing substances that keep the roots hydrated.

Moreover, microorganisms aid in bioremediation, mitigating phytotoxicity and heavy metal contamination by metabolising these substances into inert forms. They enhance plant tolerance to abiotic stresses, such as water stress, through various mechanisms, including producing substances that hydrate roots.

Mycorrhizae – Nature’s Symbiotic Partners:

A significant player in the soil ecosystem is mycorrhizae, a mutualistic symbiosis between soil fungi and plant roots found in over 80% of vascular plants. This partnership enhances nutrient and water transfer, improves soil structure, and boosts plant vigour. Mycorrhizae secrete enzymes that break down nutrients, making them accessible to plants.

Biological Solutions for Sustainable Agriculture:

Highlighting the potential of microbial products, such as Redox Bactivate 3-5 Liquid and Reox Bactivate Biocult, we witness how specific strains of bacteria contribute to better and healthier soil and enhance overall crop quality. These products demonstrate benefits like improved nutrient uptake, soil-bound nutrient solubilisation, and enhanced environmental stress resistance.

How can we help?

In the intricate dance of soil microorganisms and mycorrhizae, we discover a symphony of life that sustains the very foundation of our agricultural ecosystems. By understanding and harnessing the power of these microscopic wonders, we pave the way for sustainable and resilient agriculture, ensuring the health of our soils and the prosperity of future generations. 

Contact us today to explore how our microorganism solutions can contribute to your plant’s success. Your plants deserve the best; we’re here to help you achieve just that.

Article compiled by our Redox Agronomists 

Ammonium chloride boasts a rich and ancient history, with its origins traced back to Ancient Egypt, where it was identified in the Temple of Zeus-Ammon. Historical records reveal that the Chinese were already harnessing the versatility of this compound as early as 554 A.D, highlighting its enduring presence throughout the ages.

How do we use it today? 

In contemporary times, ammonium chloride plays a pivotal role in various industries. Ammonium chloride is a compound with the chemical formula NH₄Cl. It comprises ammonium (NH₄⁺) and chloride (Cl⁻). The ammonium ion is a positively charged polyatomic ion with the formula NH₄⁺, and the chloride ion is a negatively charged ion with the formula Cl⁻. When these ions combine, they form the ionic compound ammonium chloride. The elements involved in the formation of ammonium chloride are nitrogen (N), hydrogen (H), and chlorine (Cl).

Ammonium chloride plays a crucial part in supporting plant growth and fostering optimal soil conditions for enhanced agricultural productivity.Commercially, ammonium chloride is used as a fertiliser to supply plants with nitrogen and enhance soil structure. Some fertilisers are formulated to combine different compounds for a broader range of nutrients. Calcium-containing compounds, like calcium nitrate or calcium chloride, may be added separately to these fertilisers to improve soil structure and provide calcium as a nutrient to plants. These additional compounds are mixed with ammonium chloride or other fertilisers to create a balanced blend suitable for specific soil and plant requirements.

Surprisingly, ammonium chloride has found its way into the food industry. Beyond its use in baking to impart an exceptionally crisp texture to cookies, it serves as a flavouring agent in dark sweets like salty liquorice, particularly popular in Nordic countries, Benelux, and northern Germany. This adds an exciting and unconventional element to certain types of confectionery.

How can we help?

Redox, a global leader in ammonium chloride distribution, meets the diverse needs of customers worldwide, from Australia and New Zealand to Malaysia, the USA, and Mexico. Responding proactively to market demands, Redox remains committed to satisfying clients’ requirements globally.

Our ammonium chloride is available in various packing sizes, including 25kg and 1000kg bulk bags, coming in a range of grades such as 99.5% min powder/granular and conforming to FAMI-QS and Food Safety Regulation.

Connect with one of Redox’s experts to explore how their offerings can be integral to your sourcing strategy.

 

Chicken gut health is crucial in antibiotics-free period. Some alternatives such as probiotics, postbiotics, prebiotics, bile acids, antimicrobial peptides, essential oils, and vaccinations have been gradually accepted in poultry production. 

Recently, a new alternative feed enzyme, glucose oxidase (GOD), has drawn attention to poultry and swine industry.

The GOD is exogenously produced by specific fungi fermentation to oxidize β-D-Glucose into gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide, consuming large amounts of oxygen at the same time in the chicken gut. Therefore, it can protect against oxidative stress and directly kill some pathogenic bacteria or Eimeria parasites.

Recently a thermal stable GOD is commercially available, and Table 1 clearly shows that at 85 °C, the enzyme recovery rate of this GOD maintains 92%.

Table 1. Thermostability of different GOD (3 minutes bath incubation)

 

In general, adding 2000 U/kg GOD to layer chicken feed increased egg production from 88% to 90% within 4 weeks of production. Egg weight increased from 60.8 to 61.4 gram/egg.

Adding 3000 u/Kg GOD to broiler chicken diets increased body weight gain by 3.44% and FCR was improved by 6 points.

A study compiled by our Redox Animal Nutritionists.

Distributed by Redox, Acetone is a seemingly unassuming chemical with a distinctive sweet and pungent odour, is a true chameleon in the world of chemistry. Also known as propanone, this volatile, colourless organic compound has earned its versatile stripes, boasting various applications across various industries. As we delve into the secrets of Acetone, you’ll discover its unique properties and understand why it’s a beloved chemical in fields as diverse as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and heavy industry.

Acetone’s simplicity is part of its allure. This unassuming compound consists of just three carbon (C) atoms, six hydrogen (H) atoms, and one oxygen (O) atom, resulting in the chemical formula C3H6O

It falls under the ketone family, characterised by the distinctive carbonyl group (C=O) within its molecular structure.

Unveiling Its Physical Characteristics

You might know Acetone by its distinct characteristics:

  1. Clear and Colourless: At room temperature, it’s a clear and colourless liquid, the definition of unobtrusive.
  2. Sweetly Pungent: Its odour, often described as sweet yet pungent, makes it easily recognisable.
  3. Low Boiling Point: Acetone boasts a low boiling point, evaporating swiftly at 56 degrees Celsius (133 degrees Fahrenheit), leaving behind its characteristic scent.
  4. Miscible with Water: This liquid readily mingles with water and a wide array of organic solvents, making it a remarkable and adaptable solvent in its own right.

Applications: Where Acetone Truly Shines

  1. Solvent Extraordinaire: Its primary role is to be a potent solvent in industrial applications, capable of dissolving various organic compounds. Acetone is the go-to solution for numerous industries, from paints and varnishes to adhesives and synthetic fibres like acrylics and polyester.
  2. Nail Polish’s Best Friend: If you’ve ever marvelled at how nail polish vanishes quickly, you have Acetone to thank. It’s a crucial ingredient in nail polish removers, making it a staple in the world of cosmetics.
  3. Chemical Chameleon: Acetone is not content, being just a solvent. It also plays a central role as an intermediate compound in producing various chemicals, including methyl methacrylate, bisphenol-A, and aldol. These compounds are essential in creating plastics, resins, and more.
  4. Industrial Cleaning Guru: Acetone is a star cleaner and degreaser in heavy industries. Its quick evaporation and dissolving properties make it a valuable asset for cleaning machinery and equipment.
  5. Pharmaceutical Foundations: You might not suspect it, but Acetone plays a part in producing certain pharmaceuticals. It can even be an excipient in drug formulations.
  6. Beauty and Cosmetics: Some cosmetic and personal care products benefit from a touch of Acetone as a degreasing or cleaning agent.
  7. Lab Partner: In the realm of laboratories, Acetone is the trusty sidekick of researchers. It serves as a general-purpose solvent and comes in handy for cleaning lab glassware.

In professional kitchens, Acetone is widely employed for tackling stubborn grease build-up, making it an indispensable tool for maintaining hygiene and safety in culinary environments.

Environmental Footprint

With its rapid evaporation, Acetone doesn’t just disappear into thin air; it contributes to air quality regulations. Managing and disposing of Acetone is essential to prevent environmental contamination.

Acetone, a humble compound with a world of versatility, offers a cornucopia of benefits across industries. As a solvent, it’s unparalleled in its efficacy. Its rapid evaporation and compatibility with other solvents make it valuable in laboratories and industrial applications. From cosmetics to pharmaceuticals, Acetone’s reach is boundless. However, its flammability calls for cautious handling. 

With the proper precautions, this versatile compound can continue to shine in myriad applications, proving that, sometimes, unassuming substances play the most remarkable roles.

What Influences the Cost of Acetone?

Acetone isn’t just a versatile compound; it’s also subject to price fluctuations influenced by several factors. Various elements shape the cost of Acetone, each playing a unique role in determining its market value.

Raw Material Prices: The cost of raw materials, such as isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and cumene, used in acetone production can significantly impact its price. Fluctuations in the prices of these feedstocks directly affect the overall cost of Acetone.

Production Process Efficiency: Efficient production processes can lead to cost reductions, thus impacting the price

How Can We Help?

At Redox, we have established dynamic, solid relationships with clients and suppliers due to our commitment to quality assurance and attention to material handling processes. Constant review and management of all our changing processes ensures we maintain best business practices while acting in accordance with the relevant industry standards.

To discuss how we can supply Acetone safely and at a competitive price that ensures you are ahead of your market, contact us today and explore how we can become an invaluable partner in your procurement strategy.

Distributed by Redox, Boric Acid is an often unsung hero in industrial chemistry and has emerged as a versatile and indispensable compound. Its utility ranges from preserving wood to influencing nuclear reactions, and its significance extends to environmental conservation.

Below, we delve into the multi-faceted world of Boric Acid, uncovering its industrial applications, pricing determinants, ecological advantages, and emerging innovations.

A Versatile Workhorse

Boric Acid, a naturally occurring compound of boron, hydrogen, and oxygen, possesses a remarkable versatility. Due to its unique properties, it has secured its place in various industries. Here are some of the notable applications:

1. Wood Preservation: Boric Acid is crucial in preserving wood, safeguarding timber against rot and decay. Its ability to prevent the growth of fungi and insects has made it a sustainable alternative to more toxic wood treatments.

2. Nuclear Energy: Boric Acid is essential for reactor cooling in the nuclear industry. It controls nuclear reactions by absorbing excess neutrons, ensuring safety and efficiency in power plants.

3. Flame Retardants: Boric Acid is a fire retardant in products like mattresses, upholstery, and textiles. It hinders combustion and slows down the spread of flames, improving safety.

4. Eyewash Solutions:  In the healthcare sector, it is a crucial component of eyewash solutions used to treat eye irritation or chemical exposure.

5. Lubricants and Corrosion Inhibitors: It is employed as a lubricant additive and corrosion inhibitor, extending the life of machinery and equipment.

Pricing Factors and Market Dynamics

Cost are influenced by several factors. Primarily, the availability of boron-rich minerals, from which it is derived, plays a significant role. Global supply and demand trends, influenced by agriculture, ceramics, and electronics industries, also impact pricing. Geopolitical factors and production regulations in major producing countries, including Turkey and the United States, contribute to market volatility.

In recent years, an increase in demand, particularly from electronics and renewable energy sectors, has placed upward pressure on prices. As industries strive to reduce their environmental footprint, the demand for boric acid’s applications in sustainable practices has risen, further influencing its cost.

Growing demand for the below applications around the world has had a direct impact on the growth of the Boric Acid

Future Market Insights recently published its findings, concluding the global boric acid market size is anticipated to increase from US$ 840.7 million in 2022 to US$ 1,409 million by 2032, exhibiting a CAGR of 5.3% during the forecast period.

Environmental Benefits and Sustainability

Boric Acid is not only prized for its industrial utility but also for its environmental advantages. Its non-toxic and low-impact properties make it an environmentally responsible choice in various applications, particularly wood preservation and flame retardants. 

The chemical’s ability to enhance the longevity of products and reduce the need for toxic alternatives aligns with modern sustainability goals. As industries become more eco-conscious, Boric Acid has emerged as a green alternative to conventional, more harmful chemicals.

Innovations on the Horizon

The chemical industry, always pursuing safer, more efficient, and environmentally friendly solutions, is exploring innovative uses for Boric Acid. Researchers are investigating its potential in advanced battery technologies to improve lithium-ion batteries’ energy storage and sustainability. 

Moreover, Boric Acid’s role in improving crop yields and pest resistance in agriculture is an exciting avenue for future exploration.

How Can We Help?

In the ever-evolving landscape of industrial chemistry, Boric Acid has transformed from a hidden gem to a prized asset across various industries. 

Its unique properties and eco-friendly advantages make it the go-to choice as sustainability and efficiency become paramount. The journey from an industrial staple to an environmentally responsible option underscores its indispensable role in shaping a cleaner and safer world.

Redox offers Boric Acid in various specs: from 25kg film bags to 1mt bulk bags. Contact us today to explore how our Boric Acid solutions can contribute to your success. 

 

In the world of agriculture, the battle for survival against nature’s forces is relentless. Factors such as light deficiency, water scarcity, pests, diseases, salinity, wind, and phytotoxicity continually challenge the resilience of plants. To aid in this ongoing struggle, Redox, in collaboration with CJ Bio, introduces AMIBOOST® —a high-quality biostimulant enriched with specialized amino acids. This remarkable product is meticulously designed to bolster crop yield and quality, addressing the needs of various plant types and growth stages. These amino acids act as catalysts for the plant’s secondary metabolism, a vital part of its immune system, enabling plants to thrive even in the face of adversity.

But surviving under stress is not the epitome of plant health. Instead, the plant has to divert its resources from primary metabolism, which deals with growth and development, to cope with these challenges. This is where amino acids come into play as an essential tool to bolster the plant’s defences and recovery mechanisms. They act as biostimulants that can make all the difference in a stressful situation.

Recognising that it wouldn’t be a single front of management that would solve this battle. To effectively combat stress, amino acids should be part of a broader strategy. This strategy should include factors like soil fertility management, pest and disease control, and proper irrigation, all of which contribute to a plant’s overall health and reduce stress. And an inclusion of Amino acids serves as a boost in these challenging situations.

However, not all amino acids are created equal in this plant kingdom, and the “L-amino acids” are the superheroes. Each amino acid has a unique role in this intricate world of plant survival, combating biotic and abiotic stressors.

Introducing the future of agricultural excellence: The latest innovation, Amiboost ROOT, Amiboost DEVELOPMENT, and Amiboost HARVEST. AMIBOOST’s superior biostimulants redefine crop yields, whether you’re cultivating grains, fruits, or vegetables. Crafted to harmonize with your local environment and quality standards, this revolutionary product ensures convenience for sellers and satisfaction for their customers. Elevate your crop with Amiboost – the key to unlock exceptional performance.

Understanding Plant Stress

The term “plant stress” encompasses various factors that disrupt a plant’s normal functions. These can range from insufficient light, water scarcity, salinity, strong winds, phytotoxicity, and pest and disease attacks, hindering a plant’s total development.

Plants employ two metabolic strategies: primary and secondary metabolism. Primary metabolism is associated with growth, including plant development, root and leaf expansion, and photosynthesis activity. In contrast, secondary metabolism acts as a plant’s immune system, a survival mechanism for adverse conditions.

Enduring stress at the metabolic level isn’t healthy for plants. To thrive, they need to adjust their primary metabolism and activate secondary metabolism. This is where amino acids come into play as essential tools.

The Role of Amino Acids

Recognising that plant stress doesn’t arise from a single source is crucial. To effectively combat stress, amino acids should be part of a broader strategy. This strategy should include factors like soil fertility management, pest and disease control, and proper irrigation, all of which contribute to a plant’s overall health and reduce stress. Amino acids serve as a valuable bio-stimulant in these challenging situations.

Plants rely on proteins as they are the basic constituents of all living cells. First, it’s important to highlight that protein is formed by combining different amino acids; about 20 crucial amino acids can help plants grow accurately.

How does it happen? So, plants synthesise amino acids from the carbon and oxygen obtained from air and hydrogen from water in the soil, forming carbon hydrate through photosynthesis and combining it with the nitrogen the plants obtain from the soil. As a result, the synthesis of amino acids. L-Amino Acids are part of these proteins and have metabolic activity, including hormone and enzymatic functions, structure building, immune response, nutrient transport, etc.

However, an adverse situation can occur, and the plant cannot generate these important amino acids efficiently. Hence, feeding your plants L-amino acids makes them perform these functions efficiently and better, consequently minimising negative stress.

In this way, if the 20 amino acids can be directly supplied, it will help to overcome the limitations caused by plant stress.

The type of amino acid must be considered; products should contain L-amino acids, Laevorotatory amino acids, or L-amino acids, as those are the ones that plants can assimilate.

The Significance of Amino Acids in Plant Metabolism

Plants naturally synthesise about 20 amino acids that are indispensable for their metabolism. Think of these amino acids as the oil in a car engine. Just as a car needs the right type and quantity of oil to function correctly, plants require specific amino acids for their well-being. Without these amino acids, plants may require intervention to thrive.

Each phase of a plant’s development demands specific types and quantities of amino acids. Using amino acids at the right time physiologically activates a plant’s metabolism, promoting its growth.

By understanding the significance of different amino acids and how they function, we can better support plant growth, even in challenging conditions.

Understanding Biotic Stress

Biotic stress in plants results from pest and disease infestations within crops. What renders a plant susceptible to these attackers is its production of sugars and compounds that serve as a food source for them.

Amino acids like Tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan play a vital role in this scenario. They are directly linked to producing phenolic compounds in a plant’s secondary metabolism. These phenolic compounds act as natural defence mechanisms, functioning like antibodies that thwart disease development and make the plant’s sap less appealing to pests.

Plants Under Abiotic Stress

In the face of abiotic stress, compounds like Folcysteine come to the plant’s rescue. Folcysteine is a derivative of the amino acid cysteine, and its primary function is to counteract free radicals, reducing oxidation. This is especially crucial because Folcysteine serves as a sulphur source and contributes to the synthesis of glutathione, a vital molecule in a plant’s defence system.

Proline plays a pivotal role in mitigating the effects of stress, particularly when it comes to hydric (water) and saline stress. It’s an amino acid renowned for its association with drought resistance, functioning as an osmo-protective agent, similar to arginine. Proline stabilises the plasma membrane, preventing structural damage, such as weakening the cell wall, especially during conditions like excessive temperature increases or water scarcity.

Abiotic stress in plants refers to the negative impact of non-living factors or environmental conditions on plant growth, development, and overall health. Unlike biotic stress, which is caused by living organisms such as pests and pathogens, abiotic stress factors are non-living and typically relate to various environmental factors.

Glycine is a crucial player in chlorophyll composition, facilitating the process of photosynthesis. Additionally, it assumes a critical role in maintaining the plant’s internal osmotic balance. Glycine is often accumulated in plants facing various stressors like excess water, salinity, cold, heat, and freezing conditions, as it actively contributes to upholding the integrity of cell membranes, thereby sustaining photosynthetic efficiency.

Addressing Phytotoxicity in Plants

These damages impair the normal development of plants, as they are mostly related to the interruption of production or distribution of photoassimilates. Injuries prevent the leaf from carrying out photosynthesis and can be a factor in loss of productivity. Amino acids are essential allies to minimise these harmful effects and encourage plants to recover their photosynthetic capacity.

Being small molecules quickly absorbed, they begin to act on metabolism in a few hours, transporting toxic elements and promoting the restoration of regular cellular activity in plants.

Heavy metals from the soil or in formulations used in crop management, nutritional elements in excess or with a high salt content, are examples of agents that cause phytotoxicity.

Histidine is an effective amino acid in complexing heavy metals such as cobalt, nickel, zinc, and copper.

Again, glycine is an essential amino acid in the composition of chlorophyll, and the isoleucine and glutamic acid in the growth of meristems, which are new tissues.

Roles of some amino acids in Adverse Situation.

  1. Aspartic Acid: It is a nitrogen source essential for producing other amino acids.
  2. Glutamic Acid: This amino acid plays a crucial role in the growth of meristems, the plant’s new tissues. It also serves as a precursor for chlorophyll and other amino acids since it carries nitrogen sources.
  3. Alanine: Alanine actively participates in the formation and germination of pollen grains.
  4. Arginine: Arginine offers resistance to drought, acting as an osmoprotectant. It is also involved in photosynthesis, growth, and the transport of nutrients to reproductive complexes.
  5. Cysteine: Cysteine is a pivotal amino acid. In addition to being a source of sulphur, it plays a vital role in synthesising glutathione, a crucial molecule in a plant’s defence system. It also aids in stress tolerance.
  6. Phenylalanine: This amino acid is closely linked to the production of phenolic compounds in the secondary metabolism of plants. These compounds act as plant defence agents, functioning like antibodies to inhibit disease development and making the plant’s sap less attractive to pests. Phenylalanine is involved in synthesising lignin, tannins, flavonoids, and the formation of salicylic acid.
  7. Glycine (1st Mention): Glycine participates in the formation of glutathione, phytochelatins, and betaine glycine. Betaine glycine is a compound that accumulates in plants under water-stress conditions, aiding in maintaining photosynthetic efficiency.
  8. Glycine (2nd Mention): Glycine is also essential in the composition of chlorophyll. It plays a critical role in photosynthesis and in regulating the intracellular osmotic balance of the plant. This amino acid is mainly accumulated in plants under various stressful conditions, such as water scarcity, salinity, cold, heat, and freezing stress, as it helps preserve the integrity of cell membranes and maintain photosynthetic efficiency.
  9. Glutamate: Glutamate participates in the formation of amino acids like arginine, glutamine, and proline. It also acts as a precursor for the chlorophyll molecule.
  10. Histidine: Histidine is recognised as the most effective amino acid for complexing heavy metals such as cobalt, nickel, zinc, and copper.
  11. Isoleucine: Isoleucine plays a role in the growth of meristems, which are new plant tissues. It also contributes to forming other amino acids and pollen grain germination.
  12. Leucine: Leucine is another amino acid that forms other amino acids and plays a role in pollen grain germination.
  13. Lysine: Lysine is responsible for regulating pollen grain germination and stomatal regulation. It is also a vital nitrogen reserve in plants and activates chlorophyll.
  14. Methionine: Methionine is a precursor for ethylene, a hormone that influences fruit maturation. It is also responsible for sulphur incorporation in plants.
  15. Proline: Proline is an amino acid associated with drought resistance, similar to arginine. It functions as an osmoprotectant and is used by the plant as a defence mechanism against water deficits and heat stress.
  16. Serine: Serine constitutes enzymes that activate proteins facilitating plant growth and the transport of nutrients in the plant’s sap.
  17. Tyrosine: Tyrosine is linked to the production of phenolic compounds in the secondary metabolism of plants. These compounds function as plant defence agents, inhibiting disease development and making sap less attractive to pests.
  18. Threonine: Threonine participates in forming other amino acids and is involved in pollen grain germination.
  19. Tryptophan: Tryptophan is associated with the production of phenolic compounds in the secondary metabolism of plants. Like tyrosine, it is a defence agent against diseases and pests, making the plant’s sap less appealing. Tryptophan also serves as a precursor for auxin, a root growth hormone, and influences the development of aerial plant parts.
  20. Valine: Valine plays a role in regulating the growth and maturation of fruits.

These amino acids play a fundamental role in maintaining the health and vitality of the crop.

How can we help?

At Redox, we understand the critical role that amino acids play in plant metabolism and stress management. We are committed to providing top-quality amino acid products that can make a significant difference in the health and vitality of your plants. If you’re interested in learning more about our amino acid products or have any questions regarding their application and benefits, we encourage you to get in touch with us.

Our team of experts is here to assist you in implementing an effective strategy to enhance your plants’ overall health and reduce stress. Contact us today to explore how our amino acid solutions can contribute to your plant’s success. Your plants deserve the best, and we’re here to help you achieve just that.

Article compiled by our Redox Agronomists