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In pet food, arginine is a conditionally essential amino acid, and it is consumed by two major pathways. The first is creatine synthesis, catalysed by the enzyme: Arginine-glycine aminotransferase (AGAT), which produces guanidinoacetate...

Australian beef producers continue to face persistent fly pressure, with buffalo fly, bush fly and other nuisance fly species affecting animal comfort, grazing behaviour and productivity. At the same time, feed manufacturers, premix...

Canola meal is locally produced, reliable protein source for dairy farmers in Australia. It is valued for its stable supply chain and reduced freight costs compared to imported soybean meal. The amino acid profile in canola meal most...

It is well known that layer chicken producers often choose diets with low nutrients levels to reduce feed cost. However, modern laying strains presently have a small appetite and cannot actually adjust feed intake according to dietary...

Protease is an exogenous enzyme added to broiler feed to improve protein digestion, but its value extends far beyond simply breaking down dietary protein. It is a strategic tool used to enhance nutrient efficiency, reduce metabolism costs,...

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for salmon, acting as a key component of antioxidant enzyme (glutathione oxidase, GPx), supporting immune function, growth and stress resistance.  GPx acts along with Vitamin E to function as a...

Mycotoxins are the harmful secondary metabolites of some toxigenic fungi in contaminated feedstuffs. Ruminants could also transfer these residues through milk and meat, causing deleterious human health consequences. Mycotoxin contamination...

Weaning is a major physiological and immunological crisis for piglets. This abrupt transition from sow’s milk to solid feeds causes a combination of stressors. For example, the small intestine undergoes severe villus atrophy, with villus...

Post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD) is an infectious disease that causes significant productive and economic losses in pig industry. It often requires antimicrobial use, resulting in the risk of antimicrobial resistance.  Zinc oxide (ZnO) used...